cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit
آخر تحديث 14 Aug 2025
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The CHRNA4 gene provides instructions for making one part (subunit) of a larger protein complex called a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). Each nAChR complex is made up of a combination of five subunits, usually two alpha (α) and three beta (β) subunits. Many different combinations are possible; the characteristics of each nAChR complex depend on its specific subunits. In the brain, the complex most commonly consists of two α4 subunits and three β2 subunits. The CHRNA4 gene is responsible for producing the α4 subunit.
Normal function
The CHRNA4 gene provides instructions for making one part (subunit) of a larger protein complex called a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). Each nAChR complex is made up of a combination of five subunits, usually two alpha (α) and three beta (β) subunits. Many different combinations are possible; the characteristics of each nAChR complex depend on its specific subunits. In the brain, the complex most commonly consists of two α4 subunits and three β2 subunits. The CHRNA4 gene is responsible for producing the α4 subunit.
In the brain, the nAChR complex plays an important role in chemical signaling between nerve cells (neurons). The nAChR acts as a channel, allowing charged atoms (ions), including calcium, sodium, and potassium, to cross the cell membrane. These channels open when they attach to a chemical messenger (neurotransmitter) called acetylcholine. The channels also open in response to nicotine, the addictive substance in tobacco. As these channels open, the increased flow of ions across the cell membrane alters the release of neurotransmitters.
Communication between neurons depends on neurotransmitters. The release and uptake of these chemicals are tightly regulated to ensure that signals are passed efficiently and accurately between neurons. Researchers believe that nAChR channels play an important role in controlling the normal release and uptake of neurotransmitters.
A wide range of brain functions depend on nAChR channels, including sleep and arousal, fatigue, anxiety, attention, pain perception, and memory. The channels are also active before birth, which suggests that they are involved in early brain development.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
acetylcholine receptor, neuronal nicotonic, alpha-4 subunit
acetylcholine receptor, nicotinic, alpha 4 (neuronal)
BFNC
cholinergic receptor, neuronal nicotinic, alpha polypeptide 4
cholinergic receptor, nicotinic alpha 4
cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 4 (neuronal)
EBN
EBN1
NACHR
NACHRA4
NACRA4
Related patient information and medicines
Patient information leaflet
داء الخلايا البدينة واضطرابات الخلايا البدينة
Digestive symptoms H 2 -receptor antagonists or ... Oral sodium cromoglicate is beneficial in people with diarrhoea and tummy (abdominal) pain. Anticholinergic medication such as propantheline (which blocks the effects of a body chemical called acetylcholine) may help control diarrhoea. Other treatments Medicines called leukotriene inhibitors used.
Patient information leaflet
موسعات الأوعية المحيطية
موسعات الأوعية المحيطية are medicines that are used to treat conditions that affect blood vessels in outer (peripheral) parts of the body such as the arms and legs. For example, they are used to treat peripheral arterial disease and Raynaud's phenomenon. They ease the symptoms of these conditions by dilating the blood vessels, preventing them from.
Patient information leaflet
دواء الغثيان
Various medicines are available to treat nausea. They work in different ways to one another. These medicines are not usually started until your doctor is sure what has caused your nausea. Hyoscine - this medicine works by blocking a chemical in the brain called acetylcholine. It is a type of medicine called an antimuscarinic (أو anticholinergic)..
Patient information leaflet
هل يمكنني تناول بيريدوستيغمين وراميبريل معًا؟
It can cause serious harm to an unborn baby, particularly affecting their kidney development... Use effective contraception while taking this medicine. Cholinergic Crisis (Overdose) - pyridostigmine If you experience severe muscle weakness, abdominal cramps, or difficulty breathing, seek urgent medical help. These can be signs of an overdose,.
Patient information leaflet
الثلاسيميا
There are different types, which vary from a mild condition to a serious or life-threatening condition. For the more severe forms of thalassaemia, modern treatment gives a good outlook, but lifelong monitoring and treatment are needed. Good treatment is important to prevent complications developing. Haemoglobin is made out of different parts. The.
Patient information leaflet
هل يمكنني تناول أوميبرازول وبيريدوستيغمين معًا؟
Important precautions Asthma or COPD Pyridostigmine can cause narrowing of the airways and increase mucus production, which may severely worsen breathing problems or trigger an asthma attack. Cholinergic Crisis (Overdose) - pyridostigmine If you experience severe muscle weakness, abdominal cramps, or difficulty breathing, seek urgent medical help..
قراءة إضافية ومراجع
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تاريخ المقال
المقال متاح أيضًا باللغة الإنجليزية, الألمانية, إسبانية, الفرنسية, إيطالي, البرتغالية, الهندية, العبرية, العربية ,، و السويدية.
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