autoimmune regulator
آخر تحديث 18 Aug 2020
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ال AIRE gene provides instructions for making a protein called the autoimmune regulator. This protein is active primarily in the thymus, which is an organ located behind the breastbone that plays an important role in immune system function. The thymus prepares immune cells called T cells for their role in fighting infection; this process is called thymic education.
Normal function
ال AIRE gene provides instructions for making a protein called the autoimmune regulator. This protein is active primarily in the thymus, which is an organ located behind the breastbone that plays an important role in immune system function. The thymus prepares immune cells called T cells for their role in fighting infection; this process is called thymic education.
For a person to remain healthy, immune system cells such as T cells must be able to identify and destroy potentially harmful invaders (such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses) while sparing the body's normal tissues. The autoimmune regulator protein plays an important role in this process by helping T cells distinguish the body's own proteins from those of foreign invaders. When this system malfunctions, the immune system's ability to distinguish between the body's proteins and foreign invaders is impaired, and it may attack the body's own tissues and organs. This abnormal reaction is called autoimmunity. In the thymus, the autoimmune regulator protein destroys T cells that otherwise would cause autoimmune damage.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
AIRE1
AIRE_HUMAN
APECED
APS1
APSI
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy protein
PGA1
Related patient information and medicines
Patient information leaflet
الوهن العضلي الوبيل
People with myasthenia gravis have a fault in the way nerve messages ar... The muscles become easily tired and weak. What causes myasthenia gravis. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease. This means that the immune system (which normally protects the body from infections) mistakenly attacks itself. (Other autoimmune diseases include type 1.
Patient information leaflet
هل يمكنني تناول شاجا وريشي معًا؟
Diabetes These supplements can lower blood sugar levels; when combined with insulin or other dia... الأمراض المناعية الذاتية (e.g., Lupus, MS, Rheumatoid Arthritis) Chaga يمكن أن stimulate the immune system, which may worsen symptoms of autoimmune conditions or interfere with immunosuppressant medications. Bleeding disorders or upcoming surgery Both.
Patient information leaflet
هل يمكنني تناول شاجا ومايتاكي معًا؟
Diabetes Both mushrooms can significantly lower blo... الأمراض المناعية الذاتية (e.g., Lupus, MS, Rheumatoid Arthritis) Chaga can stimulate the immune system, which may worsen symptoms of autoimmune conditions or interfere with immunosuppressant medications. Bleeding disorders or upcoming surgery These mushrooms have anti-platelet effects and can thin.
Patient information leaflet
هل يمكنني تناول شاجا وشييتاكي معًا؟
Diabetes Both mushrooms may significantly lower blood sugar levels, increasing the risk of hypoglycaemia (dangerously low blood sugar) if you are taking insulin or other diabetes medic... الأمراض المناعية الذاتية (e.g., Lupus, MS, Rheumatoid Arthritis) Chaga يمكن أن stimulate the immune system, which may worsen symptoms of autoimmune conditions or.
Patient information leaflet
هل يمكنني تناول أشواغاندا وعبوة مضخة أوستروجيل معًا؟
Intact uterus (womb) If you still have your womb, you must also take a progestogen medicine alongside Oestrogel to prevent the lining of the womb from thickening excessively, which increases the risk of cancer. Autoimmune diseases Ashwagandha can stimulate the immune system, which may cause autoimmune conditions such as lupus, rheumatoid.
Patient information leaflet
هل يمكنني تناول الأشواغاندا والجلوكوزامين معًا؟
Autoimmune diseases Ashwagandha can stimulate the immune system, which may worsen symptoms of autoimmune conditions or reduce the effectiveness of immunosuppressant drugs. Shellfish allergy Many glucosamine supplements are derived from the shells of crustaceans; patients with a shellfish allergy must check the source to avoid a potentially severe.
قراءة إضافية ومراجع
- autoimmune regulator; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Anderson MS, Su MA. AIRE expands: new roles in immune tolerance and beyond. Nat Rev Immunol. 2016 Apr;16(4):247-58. doi: 10.1038/nri.2016.9. Epub 2016 Mar 14.
- De Martino L, Capalbo D, Improda N, D'Elia F, Di Mase R, D'Assante R, D'Acunzo I, Pignata C, Salerno M. APECED: A Paradigm of Complex Interactions between Genetic Background and Susceptibility Factors. Front Immunol. 2013 Oct 23;4:331. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00331.
- De Martino L, Capalbo D, Improda N, Lorello P, Ungaro C, Di Mase R, Cirillo E, Pignata C, Salerno M. Novel Findings into AIRE Genetics and Functioning: Clinical Implications. Front Pediatr. 2016 Aug 22;4:86. doi: 10.3389/fped.2016.00086. eCollection 2016.
- Ferre EM, Rose SR, Rosenzweig SD, Burbelo PD, Romito KR, Niemela JE, Rosen LB, Break TJ, Gu W, Hunsberger S, Browne SK, Hsu AP, Rampertaap S, Swamydas M, Collar AL, Kong HH, Lee CR, Chascsa D, Simcox T, Pham A, Bondici A, Natarajan M, Monsale J, Kleiner DE, Quezado M, Alevizos I, Moutsopoulos NM, Yockey L, Frein C, Soldatos A, Calvo KR, Adjemian J, Similuk MN, Lang DM, Stone KD, Uzel G, Kopp JB, Bishop RJ, Holland SM, Olivier KN, Fleisher TA, Heller T, Winer KK, Lionakis MS. Redefined clinical features and diagnostic criteria in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy. JCI Insight. 2016 Aug 18;1(13):e88782. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.88782.
- Gallo V, Giardino G, Capalbo D, Palamaro L, Romano R, Santamaria F, Maio F, Salerno M, Vajro P, Pignata C. Alterations of the autoimmune regulator transcription factor and failure of central tolerance: APECED as a model. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2013 Jan;9(1):43-51. doi: 10.1586/eci.12.88.
- Kisand K, Boe Wolff AS, Podkrajsek KT, Tserel L, Link M, Kisand KV, Ersvaer E, Perheentupa J, Erichsen MM, Bratanic N, Meloni A, Cetani F, Perniola R, Ergun-Longmire B, Maclaren N, Krohn KJ, Pura M, Schalke B, Strobel P, Leite MI, Battelino T, Husebye ES, Peterson P, Willcox N, Meager A. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in APECED or thymoma patients correlates with autoimmunity to Th17-associated cytokines. J Exp Med. 2010 Feb 15;207(2):299-308. doi: 10.1084/jem.20091669. Epub 2010 Feb 1.
- Kisand K, Peterson P. Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy. J Clin Immunol. 2015 Jul;35(5):463-78. doi: 10.1007/s10875-015-0176-y. Epub 2015 Jul 5.
- Laan M, Peterson P. The many faces of aire in central tolerance. Front Immunol. 2013 Oct 11;4:326. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00326.
- Puel A, Doffinger R, Natividad A, Chrabieh M, Barcenas-Morales G, Picard C, Cobat A, Ouachee-Chardin M, Toulon A, Bustamante J, Al-Muhsen S, Al-Owain M, Arkwright PD, Costigan C, McConnell V, Cant AJ, Abinun M, Polak M, Bougneres PF, Kumararatne D, Marodi L, Nahum A, Roifman C, Blanche S, Fischer A, Bodemer C, Abel L, Lilic D, Casanova JL. Autoantibodies against IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22 in patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I. J Exp Med. 2010 Feb 15;207(2):291-7. doi: 10.1084/jem.20091983. Epub 2010 Feb 1.
تاريخ المقال
المقال متاح أيضًا باللغة الإنجليزية, الألمانية, إسبانية, الفرنسية, إيطالي, البرتغالية, الهندية, العبرية, العربية ,، و السويدية.
18 Aug 2020 | أحدث إصدار
1 Oct 2016 | نُشر في الأصل
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