cytochrome b-245 alpha chain

Normal function

ال CYBA gene provides instructions for making a protein called the cytochrome b-245 alpha chain (also known as p22-phox). This protein is one part (subunit) of a group of proteins that forms an enzyme complex called NADPH oxidase, which plays an essential role in the immune system. Within this complex, the cytochrome b-245 alpha chain has a beta chain partner (produced from the CYBB gene). Both alpha and beta chains are required for either to function, and the NADPH oxidase complex requires both chains in order to be functional. NADPH oxidase is primarily active in immune system cells called phagocytes. These cells catch and destroy foreign invaders such as bacteria and fungi. NADPH oxidase is also thought to regulate the activity of immune cells called neutrophils. These cells play a role in adjusting the inflammatory response to optimize healing and reduce injury to the body.

The presence of foreign invaders stimulates phagocytes and triggers the assembly of NADPH oxidase. This enzyme participates in a chemical reaction that converts oxygen to a toxic molecule called superoxide. Superoxide is used to generate several other compounds, including hydrogen peroxide (a strong disinfectant) and hypochlorous acid (the active ingredient in bleach). These highly reactive, toxic substances are known as reactive oxygen species. Phagocytes use these substances to kill foreign invaders, preventing them from reproducing in the body and causing illness.

Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome

• مرض الورم الحبيبي المزمن

Other names

CY24A_HUMAN

cytochrome b light chain

cytochrome b(558) alpha chain

cytochrome b, alpha polypeptide

cytochrome b-245 light chain

cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide

cytochrome b558 subunit alpha

flavocytochrome b-558 alpha polypeptide

neutrophil cytochrome b 22 kDa polypeptide

p22phox

superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase light chain subunit