nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2
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ال NOD2 gene (previously known as CARD15) provides instructions for making a protein that plays an important role in immune system function. The NOD2 protein is active in some types of immune system cells (including monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells), which help protect the body against foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. The protein is also active in several types of epithelial cells, including Paneth cells, which are found in the lining of the intestine. These cells help defend the intestinal wall against bacterial infection.
Normal function
ال NOD2 gene (previously known as CARD15) provides instructions for making a protein that plays an important role in immune system function. The NOD2 protein is active in some types of immune system cells (including monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells), which help protect the body against foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. The protein is also active in several types of epithelial cells, including Paneth cells, which are found in the lining of the intestine. These cells help defend the intestinal wall against bacterial infection.
The NOD2 protein has several critical functions in defending the body against foreign invaders. The protein is involved in recognizing certain bacteria and stimulating the immune system to respond appropriately. When triggered by specific substances produced by bacteria, the NOD2 protein turns on (activates) a protein complex called nuclear factor-kappa-B. This protein complex regulates the activity of multiple genes, including genes that control immune responses and inflammatory reactions. An inflammatory reaction occurs when the immune system sends signaling molecules and white blood cells to a site of injury or disease to fight microbial invaders and facilitate tissue repair.
The NOD2 protein also appears to play a role in a process called autophagy, which cells use to surround and destroy bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances. In addition to protecting cells from infection, autophagy is used to recycle worn-out cell parts and break down certain proteins when they are no longer needed. This process is also involved in the self-destruction of cells (apoptosis).
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
ACUG
BLAU
CARD15
caspase recruitment domain family, member 15
caspase recruitment domain protein 15
CD
IBD1
inflammatory bowel disease protein 1
LRR-containing protein
NOD2_HUMAN
NOD2B
nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2
PSORAS1
Related patient information and medicines
Patient information leaflet
هل يمكنني تناول كانديسارتان والماتشا معًا؟
Drinking matcha while taking candesartan may cause your blood pressure to drop lower than intended. This can lead to symptoms like dizziness, lightheadedness, or feeling faint, especially when standing up quickly. Additionally, matcha contains small amounts of vitamin K, which could theoretically interfere with how some blood pressure medications.
Patient information leaflet
الجهاز المناعي
A person with a weak جهاز المناعة might have difficulty fighting off infections. In autoimmune diseases the body is unable to tell what is its own and what is foreign, so it attacks itself. Autoimmune diseases can attack any part of the body - eg, type 1 diabetes (pancreas), multiple sclerosis (brain and nerves), systemic lupus erythematosus.
Patient information leaflet
هل يمكنني تناول البيوتين والتاموكسيفين معًا؟
Simply search for your medicines to see potential interactions and w... Disclaimer This information is for general educational purposes only and should not be relied upon as a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your GP, pharmacist, or another qualified healthcare professional before making decisions about your medications..
Patient information leaflet
متلازمة الكلوية
Nephrotic syndrome can be caused by many different diseases, some more serious than others. The main feature of nephrotic syndrome is that the kidneys leak a lot of protein. Normally, urine contains virtually no protein. In nephrotic syndrome the urine contains large amounts of protein. Filters in the kidneys (the glomeruli) become 'leaky' and.
Patient information leaflet
هل يمكنني تناول فطر عرف الأسد والماتشا معًا؟
It is best to drink matcha between meals rather than with them if you... Using other medicines Taking multiple medicines. Our Medicines Interaction Checker helps تعتقد check whether your prescriptions, over-the-counter medicines, and supplements are safe to take together. Simply search for your medicines to see potential interactions and what to do.
Patient information leaflet
التهاب الأقنية الصفراوية الأولي
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a condition that slowly damages the bile ducts in your liver, leading to liver damage and, sometimes, liver scarring (cirrhosis). Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an auto-immune condition in which your immune system gradually destroys the tiny tubes (bile ducts) which take bile from the liver to the gut.
قراءة إضافية ومراجع
- nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
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- Kanazawa N, Okafuji I, Kambe N, Nishikomori R, Nakata-Hizume M, Nagai S, Fuji A, Yuasa T, Manki A, Sakurai Y, Nakajima M, Kobayashi H, Fujiwara I, Tsutsumi H, Utani A, Nishigori C, Heike T, Nakahata T, Miyachi Y. Early-onset sarcoidosis and CARD15 mutations with constitutive nuclear factor-kappaB activation: common genetic etiology with Blau syndrome. Blood. 2005 Feb 1;105(3):1195-7. doi: 10.1182/blood-2004-07-2972. Epub 2004 Sep 30.
- Miceli-Richard C, Lesage S, Rybojad M, Prieur AM, Manouvrier-Hanu S, Hafner R, Chamaillard M, Zouali H, Thomas G, Hugot JP. CARD15 mutations in Blau syndrome. Nat Genet. 2001 Sep;29(1):19-20. doi: 10.1038/ng720.
- Sidiq T, Yoshihama S, Downs I, Kobayashi KS. Nod2: A Critical Regulator of Ileal Microbiota and Crohn's Disease. Front Immunol. 2016 Sep 20;7:367. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00367. eCollection 2016.
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- Wang X, Kuivaniemi H, Bonavita G, Mutkus L, Mau U, Blau E, Inohara N, Nunez G, Tromp G, Williams CJ. CARD15 mutations in familial granulomatosis syndromes: a study of the original Blau syndrome kindred and other families with large-vessel arteritis and cranial neuropathy. Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Nov;46(11):3041-5. doi: 10.1002/art.10618.
- Yao Q, Shen M, McDonald C, Lacbawan F, Moran R, Shen B. NOD2-associated autoinflammatory disease: a large cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015 Oct;54(10):1904-12. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev207. Epub 2015 Jun 11.
- Yao Q, Zhou L, Cusumano P, Bose N, Piliang M, Jayakar B, Su LC, Shen B. A new category of autoinflammatory disease associated with NOD2 gene mutations. Arthritis Res Ther. 2011;13(5):R148. doi: 10.1186/ar3462. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
- Yao Q. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2: structure, function, and diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2013 Aug;43(1):125-30. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2012.12.005. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
تاريخ المقال
المقال متاح أيضًا باللغة الإنجليزية, الألمانية, إسبانية, الفرنسية, إيطالي, البرتغالية, الهندية, العبرية, العربية ,، و السويدية.
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